The human skin is a fascinating organ studied under dermatology,
with specialist cells and structures that work continuously. The
skin is like our natural protective suit, guarding us from
potential dangers in the environment. Although its importance in
relation to the human body extends this function alone the skin
also helps to retain the right body temperature. There are yet more
functions of the skin that help us to be healthy and in full
working order each and every day. It is a receiver of information
that will be sent to the brain and later processed to other areas
of the body.For example, our immune system would not be able to do
its duties of fighting off disease if it wasnt for the information
gathered by the skin. To fully understand the processes of the
skin, it is helpful to know the basics of its anatomy. Let us take
a look at the three layers of the skin in more detail the
epidermis, dermis and the subcutaneous tissue.In dermatology, the
epidermis is the layer of skin that we can see, the most outward
layer. The thickness of this layer depends on the part of the body,
with eyelids having the thinnest layer the palms of the hands and
the soles of our feet have the thickest layer of epidermis. Even
within the epidermis there are layers five in total! The first
layer from the bottom of the epidermis is called thestratum basale,
whose cells are divided and continuously pushed towards the surface
of the skin to replace dead skin cells it is an ongoing process.
The very top layer of our skin is called the stratum corneum and it
is a layer of dead skin cells that will eventually drop away and
become replaced with the next lot of dead skin cells.There are
three types of cells that have a specialized duty within the
epidermis they are the Langerhans cells, Melanocyte cells and the
Merkels cells. The first from this list is a defense cell for the
immune system, the second produces melanin which is the skins
pigment and the last is still undergoing scientific research to
determine its full function within the epidermis.The second layer
of skin studied in dermatology is called the dermis, which also
varies in thickness. Although not separated by layering, the dermis
comprises of three types of tissue collagen, elastic tissue and
reticular fibers. Within the dermis there are a number of important
cells such as the hair follicles. There are nerves and blood
vessels which react to pain, changing temperatures and other
sensations. Both the oil sebaceous and scent apocrine glands are
within this layer of skin, as are the sweat eccrine glands.The
final layer of skin is the subcutaneous tissue which is mostly made
from fatty tissue and connective tissues the latter which consists
of further blood vessels and nerves. Its primary function is to
control the temperature of both the skin and the body. Dermatology
is the study of the skin, its anatomy, understanding when things go
wrong and how to cure or rehabilitate when something does go
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